All you need to know about a wheel alignment autoguru. It is also recommended to have an alignment carried out if you hit a curb or pothole, as this can cause suspension and steering damage and also throw out the wheel alignment. Wheel alignment basics fwd rwd and 4x4 auto repair shop. Page 4 figure 1 the smart laser 4 is a fourwheel alignment system that uses three class ii laser products.
Fourwheel alignment assures that all four wheels will be running in precisely the same direction. Alignment angles can also be altered beyond the makers. How to know if you need a wheel alignment by robert tomashek on march 08, 2016 schedule brakes, steering and suspension inspection. Two wheel alignment is quickly becoming obsolete and four wheel alignment is rapidly being incorpo. Precise auto service specializes in 4 wheel alignment and is backed up by stateoftheart machineries. Steering angles and wheel alignment suspension and. Upon hearing the series of events at the oldham and failsworth garages, our highly trained technicians proceeded to check the four wheel alignment and geometry angles using our state of the art equipment hunter dsp600 4 wheel alignment and. The purpose of these adjustments is to reduce tire wear, and to ensure that vehicle travel is straight and true without pulling to one side. These are all factors in vehicle handling, tire wear and.
The chart contains different methods manufacturers use for displaying wheel alignment angles. With this book well put an end to crooked steering wheels and wasting time by readjusting cars over and over again and behold. Panicking, the customer searched the internet for four wheel alignment and geometry specialists and discovered drury lane services. Correct wheel alignment angles are the guarantee of driving stability and proper tire wear. Ud di s i dunderstanding steering and wheel alignment. Specialty products company basic wheel alignment fundamentals wheel alignment technology advances continuously with the introduction of new makes and models of vehicles, engines, transmissions transaxles, steering and electronic suspensions. Perform standard prealignment checks and inspections. To measure the thrust angle on a vehicle you have to perform a fourwheel alignment. Camber is the angle of the wheel, measured in degrees, when viewed from the front of the vehicle. Once the front toe is set, its important to ensure that the front wheels are pointing in the same. Alignment geometry is based on vehicle height and if height is incorrect, an alignment should not be attempted. After you create new pdf objects, you may need to rearrange, resize, move or copy them to give the page a cleaner, more professional look. Vehicles are also equipped with expensive highquality tires and wheels, which have expensive replacement costs, often in.
Wheel alignment specifications repair guide autozone. The alignment is concerned with the wheels being perpendicular to. Wheel alignment is measuring and adjusting the angles of the wheels so that they are set to the car manufacturers specification. Theres a new normal in town diagnostics skills are crucial for proper fourwheel alignments. Ranger target 3dpro alignment machine manual automotive. Alignment angles can also be altered beyond the specifications to obtain a specific handling characteristic. Create adobe pdf files with the pdf maker so you can more easily share filemaker information with others. The thrust angle of a vehicle can be generated by two conditions or angles.
The caster in this vehicle is read four degrees plus or minus one half. Basic wheel alignment techniques mastering the basics. Wheel alignment new jersey division of consumer affairs. Proper alignment is essential to preventing premature tread wear and keeping your car running safely down the road. Hunter measures all 14 primary alignment angles and compares them against the motor. The work reported in this paper concerns the effect of different wheel parameters on steerability and development of a computer model and carrying out virtual simulations to study the effect of. Below, find some terms to help you understand the basics of alignments, and be sure to bring your car into sears auto center for a free alignment checking. A project report on wheel alignment steering tire scribd. Wheel alignment is part of standard automobile maintenance that consists of adjusting the angles of the wheels so that they are set to the car makers specification. A full 4wheel alignment will cost more than the other type because there is more work involved.
When you change your camber angle, wheel alignment should be checked and adjusted accordingly. Modern steering and suspension systems are great examples of solid geometry at work. Here is a list of some wheel alignment basics to help you understand how, and why your wheel alignment is so important why is a wheel alignment so important imagine a scenic drive in the mountains, winding through curved canyons and pinefilled views. Wheel alignment fundamentals chapter 67 objectives describe each wheel alignment angle tell which alignment angles cause wear or pull introduction correct wheel alignment allows vehicle to run straight on the highway little steering effort minimal tire wear this chapter deals with principles of different wheel alignment angles wheel alignment angles five wheel alignment angles toe camber. Quick training guide ql411c click the enter button to view the quick training guide. How to interpret an alignment printout it still runs. Sai is not altered in the aftermarket, only returned to the factory setting, perhaps following accident damage. The purpose of these adjustments is maximum tire life and a vehicle that tracks straight and true when driving along a straight and level road. Diagnosing a bent steering knuckle using alignment data continued from page 1 is to measure from a straightedge placed on the hub face to symmetrical locations on the strut. Wheel alignment by charles ofria in its most basic form, a wheel alignment consists of adjusting the angles of the wheels so that they are perpendicular to the ground and parallel to each other. The common alignment angles are camber, caster and toe.
Below are the most common angles and their terminology and for the correction of wheel alignment and the diagnoses. When the vehicle is geometrically aligned, fuel economy and tire life are at their peak, and steering and perfor mance are maximized. Autozone repair guide for your suspension wheel alignment wheel alignment specifications. The chart below contains different methods that manufacturers use for displaying wheel alignment angles. Small quizzes, inserted all over the book, let you know rightaway whether you got the point or need to reread. Check, adjust andor measure the wheel alignment in accordance with procedures indicated in the figure. Purpose 1 maximize tire life 2 isolate road shock 3 enhance stability 4 maintain bearing load 5 reduce stress on suspension components. The top countries of suppliers are united states, china, from which the percentage of manual wheel alignment equipment supply is 1%, 99% respectively. Wheel alignment, sometimes referred to as breaking or tracking, is part of standard automobile maintenance that consists of adjusting the angles of wheels to the. Primary wheel alignment angles wheel alignment geometry describes the positioning of the wheels, tires, and suspension components in relation to. Wheel alignment integrates all the factors of steering and suspension geometry to provide safe handling, good ride quality and maximum tire life. We engage in the newest technology from hunter engineering to ensure that the job done is of high precision and quality. A thrust condition exists when the rear individual toe is not equal. Pdf this paper introduces an alternative approach to the camber angle measurement for vehicle wheel alignment.
Free pdf editor, free pdf tools and free pdf writer. When measuring the strut in this manner, make sure that struts that have camber adjustments, where the strut and steering knuckle are connected, are. Proper wheel alignment reduces tire wear, improves fuel. Other facts every driver should know about wheel alignments. The basic alignment angles were talking about here are toe, camber and caster. Two wheel centerline two wheel thrust angle four wheel all four wheels have adjustments available each of these alignments requires a different set of procedures. Specialty products company basic wheel alignment fundamentals. Download as docx, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. Click here to check out the deals that precise auto service offer for 4 wheel alignment.
The method of checking wheel alignment will vary with the type of equipment being used. Remember, no alignment can be properly done with loose suspension parts. Do not manipulate, change, or copy any files or system configurations. Wheel alignment equipment is not for adjusting or changing alignment angle but a reference for mechanics. How to know if you need a wheel alignment yourmechanic. It decides how the tires contact the road, the angle of the suspension system as well as the angle of the wheels as the vehicle travels down the road. Even if the rear axle is nonadjustable, you need to take rear axle readings to properly align the front suspension. Wheel alignment is the proper adjustment of all the interrelated suspension angles. A complete wheel alignment check should include measurements of the rear toe and camber.
Four wheel alignment assures that all four wheels will be running in precisely the same direction. Mechanics compared the original angle with measured angle. Caster affects stability and steering effort but typically wont affect tire wear. Wheel alignment, sometimes referred to as breaking or tracking, is part of standard automobile maintenance that consists of adjusting the angles of wheels to the car manufacturer specifications. Today wheel alignment is of course more sophisticated as there are several angles to consider when doing wheel alignment on the modern vehicle with independent suspension systems, good performing tyres and high road speeds. How to adjust alignment of a page in pdf so that when text. A properly aligned vehicle is one in which all wheels are aimed in the same. How to adjust alignment of a page in pdf so that when text is typed on a line, it is straight. A wheel alignment service can consist of a front wheel or a four wheel alignment, depending on your vehicle type. Customer can backup camera id, parameter files and calibration files on. A wheel alignment consists of adjusting the angle of your wheels so that they are perpendicular to the ground and parallel to each other. Wheel alignment refers to the geometrical relationship of the wheels to the vehicle itself.
Pdf camber angle control method corresponding to the electric. A wide variety of manual wheel alignment equipment options are available to you, there are 350 suppliers who sells manual wheel alignment equipment on, mainly located in asia. By making adjustments to the vehicles tires and axles, the wheels are once. Toein toein is the turning in of the tires, while toeout is the. The specifications in the chart are for the front of the vehicle. Pdf camber angle inspection for vehicle wheel alignments. Ford escort ford escort service and repair manual suspension and steering steering angles and wheel alignment.
Uneven tire wear or steering that pulls can indicate a need to have the wheel alignment checked or adjusted. Turn the wheels while moving and your tires will tilt slightly. Before considering the steering angles, check that the tyres are correctly inflated, that the roadwheels. Sports car wheel alignment allon white sports cars. Using 4 wheel alignment and geometry to get to the root of. If you were to draw an imaginary line through the upper and lower ball joints, the angle formed by these lines and a 90degree plane tells you the caster angle. When having a hunter 4 wheel alignment, all four wheels your vehicle will be measured simultaneously. It can be measured by modern wheel alignment machines and. Proper alignment is the largest factor in determining the life of bearings, seals and couplings. A short course on wheel alignment valley buick gmc.
To convert decimal inch values to mms multiply by 25. Distance between the center of gravity and the front or rear wheels. If it exceeds tolerable range then they may adjust or. Research indicates that the average car is driven about 12,000 miles per year. In alignment terminology, these adjustment angles are called caster, camber, toein, steering axis inclination sai, vehicle ride height and toeout on turns. All taken out of daily workshop life, comprehensible, entertaining. Convert inch fractions to mms rounded to 1 decimal place using the chart below. There is no caster setting for the rear of a vehicle. Thrust angle front wheel alignment unladen1 maximum steering angle total toein steering axis inclination reference value camber angle 2 caster angle 2 height from centre of wheel to bottom of. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information. The primary angles are the basic angle alignment of the wheels relative to each. Fourwheel alignment angles are present in the relative angles between the suspension system and every active component.
Wheel alignment in its most basic form, a wheel alignment consists of adjusting the angles of the wheels so that they are perpendicular to the ground and parallel to each other. Set back would be identified when measuring the sai and caster angles as the values would be too low and out of specification. Pdf on jan 1, 2014, takahiko yoshino and others published camber angle control method. I assume that this is a scanned document otherwise the nonstraightness of the document is very likely by design, so you would have to use. Understanding your hunter wheel alignment printout youtube. Its an important maintenance area for a car, as getting wheel alignment right reduces tyre wear and ensures a car drives true and straight whilst also steering and handling correctly. Wheel alignment selftest quiz download or print pdf file. To make adjustments in the layout of new pdfill objects, there are three arranging tools align tools, copy tools and smart positioning to. A wheel alignment service can consist of a front wheel, thrust angle, or a four wheel alignment. Two wheel centerline, two wheel thrust angle or a full four wheel alignment. The text is always straight, so i assume you are talking about the document itself.
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